4'33 john cage meaning

Erdmann, Martin. “John Cage.” In Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart: Personenteil. 2d ed. Vol. 3. Edited by Ludwig Finscher, – Kassel: Bärenreiter,

Particularly noteworthy for its list of works, which divides Cage’s output into genre types (categories include theater works, concert pieces with precise instrumentation, and installations); this approach clearly shows the areas in which Cage concentrated most of his energies, revealing both the extent and innovation of his oeuvre. Less attention is paid to works made after

Haskins, Rob. John Cage. Critical Lives. London: Reaktion,

Part of Reaktion’s Critical Lives series, the book contextualizes Cage’s life by means of his works and ideas. Includes new insights on Cage’s acquaintance with Zen, commentaries on the sound (as opposed to the compositional method) of a number of compositions John cage artist!